2026-02-03
I can speak turkish 😡
A friend recommended this application, but I was saddened by the lack of Turkish language.
Güncelleniyor
-28
#76 içinde En Yüksek Cirolu Uygulamalar > Eğitim
iPhone Screenshots
iPad Screenshots
Açıklama
Join millions of subscribers learning a new language with Babbel, the language learning app based on real-life conversations. With a variety of learning methods including interactive lessons (with AI-powered speech recognition technology), podcasts, games and more, Babbel will get you talking from day one. Learn a little every day, at any time and from anywhere.
Choose from a selection of 14 different learning languages:
Spanish, French, Italian, German, Portuguese, Russian, Polish, Turkish, Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Dutch, Indonesian, or English.
Through expert-made interactive lessons, Babbel is here to help you speak with confidence and fluency in everyday conversations.
Babbel works!
◉ In just 10 minutes a day you can build a habit to effectively learn a language
◉ 92% of Babbel users improved their language proficiency in just 2 months
◉ Join a community of 10 million other learners!
Features:
◉ Discover interactive Lessons and diverse Courses for every language level, from beginner to advanced
◉ Practise dialogue that mimics real-life scenarios with Everyday Conversations
◉ Achieve goals and track your progress with the activity tracker and streaks function
◉ Get to grips with grammar through clear explanations and examples
◉ Review vocabulary to make it stick, by speaking, writing, listening, or using flashcards
◉ Listen to podcasts on the go to immerse yourself in language trivia and cultural insights – just one of many ways to learn
◉ Learn a language for the workplace with our business courses – boost your business Spanish or excel in business English or French
◉ Improve and perfect your pronunciation with AI-powered speech recognition technology
◉ Mix up your learning methods with fun games based on everyday vocabulary
◉ Read exciting articles, interviews, and how-to guides about language learning and culture in the Babbel Magazine
Learn languages with Babbel and you’ll be right on track to achieving the ultimate goal – having real-life conversations.
Subscriptions:
You will need a subscription in order to get access to the full learning materials. Your subscription is set to auto-renew. You can change your subscription plan or turn off auto-renewal up to 24 hours before the renewal date in the settings of your Apple Account. When a subscription is cancelled, access to the app’s courses and features will expire at the end of the current payment period.
Contact us:
Questions or comments about learning with Babbel? Email us at support@babbel.com.
Privacy policy: https://www.babbel.com/legal/privacy
Terms of use: https://www.babbel.com/legal/terms
Speak languages fearlessly!
Bu sürümde neler yeni? (21.93.0)
It's time to update your Babbel app! Why? Because we've added new learning content that will help you reach your goal even faster! And yep, we also removed a few bugs. Enjoy this latest version and thanks for learning with us!
Questions? Email us at support-mobile@babbel.com
Satıcı
Ad
Babbel GmbH
Bilgi
Geliştirici
Kategoriler
Sürüm
21.93.0
Büyüklük
189,9 MB
Game Center
Hayır
VPP Device Licensing
Evet
Beğeni Düzeyi
Rated 12+ for the following:
Infrequent/Mild Mature/Suggestive Themes
Infrequent/Mild Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Use or References
Uyumluluk
iOS 16.0 ve üzeri
Aygıtlar
iPhone 5s, iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s Plus, iPhone SE, iPhone 7, iPhone 7 Plus, iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus, iPhone X, iPhone XR, iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, iPhone 11, iPhone 11 Pro, iPhone 11 Pro Max, iPhone SE (2. nesil), iPhone 12, iPhone 12 Pro, iPhone 12 Pro Max, iPhone 12 mini, iPhone 13, iPhone 13 Pro, iPhone 13 Pro Max, iPhone 13 mini, iPhone SE (3. nesil), iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Plus, iPhone 14 Pro, iPhone 14 Pro Max, iPhone 15, iPhone 15 Plus, iPhone 15 Pro, iPhone 15 Pro Max, iPhone 16, iPhone 16 Plus, iPhone 16 Pro, iPhone 16 Pro Max, iPhone 16e, iPhone 17, iPhone 17 Pro, iPhone 17 Pro Max, iPhone Air, iPad (5. Nesil) Wi-Fi, iPad (5. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad (6. nesil) Wi-Fi, iPad (6. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro, iPad Pro (Cellular), iPad Pro (9,7 inç), iPad Pro (9,7 inç) (Cellular), iPad Pro 12,9 inç (2. nesil), iPad Pro 12,9 inç (2. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (10,5 inç), iPad Pro (10,5 inç) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro (11 inç), iPad Pro (11 inç) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 12,9 inç (3. nesil), iPad Pro 12,9 inç (3. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Air, iPad Air (Cellular), iPad Air 2, iPad Air 2 (Cellular), iPad Air (3. Nesil), iPad Air (3. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad mini Retina, iPad mini Retina (Cellular), iPad mini 3, iPad mini 3 (Cellular), iPad mini 4, iPad mini 4 (Cellular), iPad mini (5. Nesil), iPad mini (5. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad (7. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 11 inç (2. nesil), iPad Pro 11 inç (2. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 12,9 inç (4. nesil), iPad Pro 12,9 inç (4. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Air (4. Nesil) (Wi-Fi), iPad Air (4. Nesil) (Wi-Fi + Cellular), iPad (8. nesil) Wi-Fi, iPad (8. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 11 inç (3. nesil), iPad Pro 11 inç (3. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 12,9 inç (5. Nesil), iPad Pro 12,9 inç (5. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad (9. Nesil), iPad (9. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad mini (6. Nesil), iPad mini (6. Nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Air (5. nesil), iPad Air (5. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 11 inç (4. nesil), iPad Pro 11 inç (4. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 12,9 inç (6. nesil), iPad Pro 12,9 inç (6. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad (10. nesil), iPad (10. nesil) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Air 11 inç (M2) Wi-Fi, iPad Air 13 inç (M2) Wi-Fi, iPad Air 13 inç (M2) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 11 inç (M4) Wi-Fi, iPad Pro 11 inç (M4) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 13 inç (M4) Wi-Fi, iPad Pro 13 inç (M4) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad mini (A17 Pro) Wi-Fi, iPad mini (A17 Pro) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad (A16) Wi-Fi, iPad (A16) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Air 11 inç (M3) Wi-Fi, iPad Air 11 inç (M3) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Air 13 inç (M3) Wi-Fi, iPad Air 13 inç (M3) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 11 inç (M5) Wi-Fi, iPad Pro 11 inç (M5) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPad Pro 13 inç (M5) Wi-Fi, iPad Pro 13 inç (M5) Wi-Fi + Cellular, iPod touch (6. Nesil), iPod touch (7. Nesil)
Diller
Almanca, Fransızca, İngilizce, İspanyolca, İsveççe, İtalyanca, Lehçe, Portekizce, Ukraynaca
App Store: Derece
Puan ve Yorum
4,6 / 5 (4.008 Derece)
App Store: Yorumlar
2026-01-29
Can you please add turkish menu ?
İts been a long time 3 year later and there is no turkish opinion pls hear us i wanna learn
2026-01-03
Don’t give them you credit card info
Once they get the credit card details they renew automatically and it’s impossible to cancel it
on their website as the link for cancellation doesn’t work. I had to cancel my credit card to get rid of them.
2025-12-02
Very helpful
I have been using the app to learn german for more than 1 year, really love the course design and the grammar section
2025-10-28
Great app for grammar
Out of all the language learning apps I tried for italian, Babbel is the most superior. Each lesson is long enough to teach and short enough to not bore me. I am amazed something as boring as grammar was explained in such a fun way.
2025-10-16
One of the best Language app
I have already improved way more than I could imagine so just download it and start learning languages also the price is nothing compared to tudors etc.
2025-09-06
Türkler sakın indirip pirim vermesin
İndirmeden göremezsiniz buraya yazıyorum
Türkçe öğrenebiliyorsun öğrenilmek istenen dillerde Türkçe var ancak uygulama dilini Türkçe seçemiyorsun
İngilizce öğreneceğim ama uygulama dili Türkçe yok
En kısa sürede yapacağız çalışıyoruz yazıyorsunuz uygulama dili yapmak en kolayı siz öğrenme kısmını Türkçe yapmışsınız zaten en zoru bu
Hikaye anlatıyorsunuz Türkler kullanmasın diye eklemiyorsunuz uygulamayı kimse indirmesin ben indirip gördüm sildim hemen
2025-09-05
Interface
I downloaded this app to learn Spanish. And it’s really good but the app’s interface is a bit confusing so it’s hard to find things.
2025-08-18
Hangi kafayla hazırladınız
Hello, I'm a Turkish user. I installed the app to improve my English, but it doesn't support Turkish as a native language. This irresponsible behavior is unacceptable. If you activated the app in Turkey, then you must prepare it for us as well. I don't think it will be difficult. I'm currently learning Spanish, but there's a lag: it makes me wait five seconds between lessons and within lessons, and this becomes annoying after a long time. What's the price for all this?
2025-08-17
Türkçe dil desteği yok
Why is there no Turkish language support?
2025-08-16
Support Turkish as a base language
Hello, I am a Turkish user and I would like to learn English with Babbel.
Unfortunately, Babbel does not support Turkish as a base language.
Could you please consider adding Turkish as a source language, especially for English learners?
Many people in Turkey would love to use Babbel if this option is available.
Thank you.
2025-08-09
Expensive
Very, VERY expensive. Also as always, forces you to buy a yearly offer to get just a bit more affordable option.
2025-07-21
Streak Issue – Unused Freezes Not Applied
Hi, my streak broke even though I hadn’t used any of my two available freezes this week. Could you please help me with this?
2025-06-26
Could You Add Turkish as a Base Language?
Hi Babbel Team,
I’m eager to learn German, but Turkish—my native language—isn’t yet available as a base language in the app. Would you consider adding Turkish as a base language for German (and other) courses? Adding it would make Babbel accessible to many new learners like me.
Thank you in advance. I look forward to becoming a subscriber once Turkish support is live.
2025-03-28
Too expensive
Even best private courses are cheaper
2025-03-11
Expensive and exploiter
I JUST WANT to UNSUBSCRIBE FROM EMAILS!!!!!! IT IS ASKING ME ACCEPT COOKIES!!!! AND DONT LET ME UNSUBSCRIBE!!!!! I deleted the app I don’t want emails but it is blocking the email page and says first accept cookies!!!! Can’t see unsubscribe button!!!WTF!!!?????
Please stay away this losers app.
2025-02-25
Widgets back please!
I’ve been even more a regular language learner since I have discovered the widget. Please bring the widgets back so I will be able to check my weekly goals and also my streaks.
2025-02-17
Better than Duolingo
My first 3 days and yes better than Duolingo - but a bit expensive than duolingo. Please adjust the price of the premium
2025-02-08
Türkçe
I speak Turkish ı want to learn English but this the application not chose learn English.
2025-01-07
Unfair and Inaccurate Language Assessment
I lived in Italy for many years and have a solid grasp of the language. I recently took the online assessment on this app, spent 20 minutes answering the questions thoughtfully, and yet it categorized me as an A1 beginner. This is completely inaccurate and undermines the effort I put into the test. It seems the developers lack the expertise to fairly assess language skills, which is deeply disappointing. I expected better from an app that claims to evaluate proficiency.
2025-01-05
“thanks”
thank you very much, there’s urkainian AND OF COURSE there’s no russian language, oh yes!!! that’s because we are a monsters, we are not humans, we don’t even deserve talk, and study in our native language!
2024-12-24
Deficient
Please add ‘Turkish’ option to ‘My language’ selection. I want to learn English language but I cannot choose because of this.
2024-12-22
Bug dolu
O kadar para verip satın aldık ama uygulama bug dolu, ve IOS beta sürüm falan da kullanmıyorum. Her alıştırma başında sesleri okumuyor, bir şey seçtiğimde uzun bir süre bekletiyor ve en sonunda tepki veriyor aynı zamanda en başında okumadığı kelimeyi de okumaya çalışıyor ben diğer sayfaya geçmeye çalışırken. Bazen konuşma alıştırmaları durduk yere kabul edilmemeye başlıyor ne kadar uğraşırsam uğraşayım. Diyalog alıştırmaları bazen öyle donup kalıyor asla çözülmüyor. Uygulamayı kapatıp tekrar giriyorum ŞANSLIYSAM biraz bekliyorum akmasını, akmaya devam ediyor.
Düzeltin şunları.
2024-10-20
Good
It looks good. The lessons are just like any apps but babbel offers free lessons. I will try one later. It would be better if there were a discount to keep using it.
2024-10-07
Turkish to French
I speak Turkish and i want to learn french but it’s not possible to learn turkish to french. Because of that i am not buying your app until you have this option.
2024-08-28
This app is useless because it does not care about the Turkey region
I do not get why someone would make this app available in Turkey. I mean you do not teach english lessons or other lessons to Turkish people. Have you ever thought that this app would be great in Turkey? I think this app is in Turkey just for fun. And you do not care about that at all even though you are available in Turkey’s App store for years.
2024-08-19
I speak Turkish?!
And i want to learn English.
2024-08-08
Etkili eğitim
Güzel açıklamalı, sıkıcı değil, akıcı
2024-08-03
Great product and educational design👏🏼
I have a 700-day streak on Duolingo and I can’t lose it. This is a simple psychological trick that keeps me spending time in the app. Yes it helps with language learning at the end of the day.
But here, with Babbel, things are completely different. It teaches you grammar and variations in word usage based on countries and even regions. I feel that I’m learning something truly useful for daily life.
Good design in many aspects. Bravo.
2024-08-01
Konuşmaların yavaşlatılmış olarak da tekrar edilebilmesi
Normal hızdaki bir konuşmanın ayrıca yavaşlatılmış versiyonu da olsa çok iyi olur. Bazen kelimenin sonundaki harf yutulmuş mu, bir sonraki kelimenin başındaki harfle birleştirilmiş mi anlamak, net duymak için böyle bir alternatife gerek duyuluyor.
2024-07-26
Sound problem
The sound is scratchy and distant, so I have difficulty understanding what speakers are saying. Better and more clear sound is what we need
2024-07-22
Türkçe
Neden konuştuğum diller seçeneğinde Türkçe yok ? 3 sene önce ilerde ekleriz demişsiniz yeteri kadar ileri bir tarih olmadımk 3 yıl ?
2024-05-12
Doesn’t support Turkish language
Unfortunately there is no way to select Turkish as a my language. I saw some comments about it 5 years ago but they still don’t provide it then let’s go another app.
2024-05-07
Turkish menu
its necessary for Turkish members
2024-05-07
Recommended
This is not a “game” like the one with the green bird. You are actually learning with this app. if you have little bit serious about learning a language try it. Only the writing exercises were sometimes challenging for me as I found the method bit confusing, but maybe it’s just me. Overall it’s a great language app.
2024-04-05
Please make the letters in squares bigger, I don’t see them
The letters are so small that I feel like I’m in the oculist cabinet reading the last line of a card
2024-03-29
Türkçe dil desteği
Arkadaşlar türkçe konuşan birisi ingilizce öğrenemiyor boşuna indirmeyin.
2024-03-25
Please Turkish interface
If you had ever asked a blind person to create a Turkish interface for the application. You would already have a Turkish menu. Besides, the people who are trying the hardest to learn German are Turkish people.
2024-02-01
Why has UI changed??
The previous UI was great, was easy to watch the progress in one look, now i cant even see where are things and everything is absurdly big!
2024-01-16
Great app
Babbel is really highly professional application. You need nothing more.
2024-01-07
Russian courses
Russian courses are not enough. There are only beginner courses on russian and it is disappointing.
2023-12-18
Amazing
Love it . No ads
2023-12-01
How can Turkish people practice by using babel?
If you cannot add Turkish support, you might think about adding an English menu at least so that we can learn English to English.
2023-09-30
Babble ap
Güzel
2023-09-19
Türkish menü
Isn't that enough anymore?
2023-09-08
Geht schon klar. Nur Spanisch (Lateinamerika) für deutsche Ausgangssprache wäre echt wünschenswert.
Ein Kollege empfahl mir Rosetta Stones wegen japanisch, ich musste lachen! Babbel ist mit Abstand besser. Der Abstand lässt sich beschreiben wie von Frankreich nach New York.
2023-08-14
Paralı
Artık çoğu sil uygulaması paralı olmuş maalesef. Sadece 2 tane kurs yapabildim. O yüzden silmek zorunda kaldım. Paralı olmasa kullandığım en iyi dil uygulaması olabilirdi. Onun dışında podcast özelliği gayet güzel olmuş.
2023-08-12
we want to turkish menu. the app was great but i dont use it.......
we want to turkish menu. the app was great but i dont use it.......
2023-08-01
Sehr gut zum Lernen und Üben.
Außerdem ist leicht zu bedienen
2023-07-08
great app
but expensive in our circumstances ;(
2023-01-29
Sehr einfach organisiert,man kann sehr leicht lernen
Super
2022-12-14
Çok Ayıp !!!!!
Bir çok kişinin yorumunu okudum herkes Türkçe dil desteği istediği halde bunu sağlamıyorsunuz! Siz insanmı ayırıyorsunuz ? Bu paralı bir uygulama ! Çok AYIP yaptığınız ! ASLA BU PROGRAMI İNDİRMİYORUM TÜRK ARKADAŞLARIM SİZDE İNDİRMEYİN !!!!!!!
2022-06-28
Racist Images while representing nationalities
Hi all,
This app uses racist/discriminative content while representing the nationalities.
Its quite dangerous to teach new learners in such way.
I have already contacted with developers and they are quite reluctant with the issue and they do nothing to change such images. Also they refuse the use the same images for their own nationality.
Please be responsible and dont support such unethical developers.
Note: developer removed previous similar comments from store
2022-02-16
Payment- BE CAREFUL TO SUBSCRİBE
This app took my money twice. Firs it took via apple pay and then took money via babbel account. I want this to be fixed with my account. I already tried to reach out the technical support w the app and no reply.
2022-01-25
Sudden Price Increase
Hello,
Prices in Turkey have dramatically increased for some reason. I think there’s something wrong. What used to cost as 30 TL now costs 4 times the same price. Weirdly, I’m able to continue a previously cancelled subscription through the icloud subscriptions page via the settings app on my phone for the same old affordable price but when I try to sign up for a class through the app, the new prices are displayed.
2022-01-21
Türkçe neden yok
Ana dilimi Almanca yapınca öğrenmek istediğim dillerde Türkçe var. Öğrenmek istediğim dil Almanca olunca, ana dilimi türkçe seçemiyorum. Neden
2022-01-08
It does not work after last update version
Can you help me?
2021-04-23
Ana dil Türkçe
Merhabalar,
Uygulamanız güzel ancak Türkçe dil desteğinin olmaması Türkiye kullanıcıları açısından bir dezavantaj bunu biz kullanıcılarınız için avantaja çevirmeye ne dersiniz?
İyi günler.
2021-03-14
Kesin alın
Bütün dil uygulamalarını denedim diyemem ama duolingo, pimsleur, busuu ve memrise’ı deneyen biri olarak söylüyorum, gerçekten çok iyi ayarlanmış bir ders programına sahip, sizi boğmadan ve daha önemlisi kaybolmuş hissettirmeden dil öğretiyor. Öğrendiğinizi o kadar hissediyorsunuz ki motivasyonunuzu yüksek tutabliyorsunuz.
Ancak ipad uygulamasında sizin konuşmanız gereken durumlarda nedense çok kasıyor. Uygulamanın geri kalanı pürüzsüz iken o kısımlarda ciddi bir takılma var, düzeltilirse hatası kalmaz.
2020-12-22
Best language learning app
First, I would like to thank you for making this app available in such an affordable price. Definetely recommend it!
2020-09-29
rezalet
Türkçe sen İngilizce öğrenilmiyor sadece ingilizceden Türkçe oluyor beğenin başta kalsın
2020-09-22
Türkçe
Türkçe dil desteği gelene kadar sizi indirmiyecem olm
2020-09-19
Türkçe yok
Kullandığım dil Türkçe, ingilizce öğrenmek istiyorum ama maalesef bildiğim dil kısmında Türkçe yok
2020-09-18
Why
Im speaking Turkish ??!
2020-09-14
Tecaching Turkish but no Turkish interface?
Please update the app with a Turkish interface.
tousands of people who’s native is Turkish, can’t use your app because of this.
There are 2 year old app reviews about this topic.
Take action please😉
2020-09-13
Türkçe seçeneği yok
Konuştuğumuz dili Türkçe seçme seçeneği neden yok? Farklı diller seçtirip öğreneceğim dili İngilizce seçebiliyorum nasıl anlayacağım?
2020-09-13
Can not learn English
Hello, I am Turkish but there is not menu for Turkish people. Example, I speak Turkish but there is not Turkish this cathegory. Can you help me ?
2020-09-12
?
I'm turkish but ım not select (learn language = english)... this program teaching to turkish... ı ask question. Im already turkish ???? This babbel program maybe good but not working good. Im turk babbel teach turkish
2020-09-11
Turkish menu
This app has no Turkish menu. You should develop as soon as possible
2020-09-09
Easy to use and comprehensive enough
Don’t expect to fully learn a new language by just using an app on your phone. But Babbel can help you start learning and will not discourage you in any way. The interface is nice and comfy, the units are easy enough to keep you motivated. I started learning Spanish and I like it!
Türkçe menü şart değil gençler, azıcık İngilizceniz varsa yeter 👍🏻
2020-08-20
I bought a membership and the bugs came after the update.
My passion about learning a new language has decreased due to the bugs on the Babbel app on iPhone and iPad. I have made my lesson through newcomer 4 and everything worked perfectly and then at my 5th lesson after i bought 1 year membership app got an update started working horribly after the update. The speech recognition doesnt work and when i open microphone settings on profile / settings the app itself crashes. Please fix the bugs they annoy me i want a perfect language learning with seemless app flow and bugless interface after paying money for a membership in 2020.
2020-07-08
Meanings word by word
Being able to see the meanings of words just by touching on them would be great.
But the app is more then enough so far.
2020-06-23
German
Fantastic!! (if you have motivation)
2020-05-26
Sad.
It may be acceptable that it is not in Turkish, but at least we should be able to learn English with English interface.
2020-03-24
Baaaddd
I wanted to learn German and when I downloaded the application; I saw that there was just one lesson I could do and the others were locked, you had to pay money.
2020-02-08
Perfect
This app is legend, this app is against the gravity, this app is a masterpiece. This app is the way through the conscious mind to subconscious mind in language.
Hayatımda daha iyisini görmedim, bu uygulama bir şaheserdir. Sizin bilinçaltınıza kadar yabancı dili adım adım işleyen bir app. Hiç bu kadar kolay, başarılı, ve harika olmamıştı.
2020-02-03
The lack of language
I am speak Turkish. I want to learn British English but this option does not exist. I like this app but I want Turkish option.
2020-01-30
Proğram hakkında
Sistematik bir metod.tebrikler
2019-12-25
Hi
Can anybody hear me? We want turkish menu !
2019-12-14
I can spaek Turkish
Why I dont select, I can speak Turkish?
2018-11-07
Thank you. Best app I have ever used
This is the best application which I have ever used and by experience, it is even more useful than taking courses in any language school for me.
Thank you for all the effort you put in it and thank you for keeping all the fees at affordable level for everyone.
I hope we can see japanese and mandarin later on :)
2017-12-26
I can not use
Im speaking turkish and i want to develop my english but this app has no Turkish menu
2017-08-14
Good App
Just i can't replay the conversation's last dialogue.